Is it just to have a higher authority review the internal actions of a governmental agency?
Answer by Alexander Hamilton: "There is no position which depends on clearer principles than that every act of a delegated authority, contrary to the terror of the commission under which it is exercised, is void... To deny this would be to affirm that the deputy is greater than his principal; that the servant is above the master; that the representatives of the people are superior to the people themselves; that men acting by virtue of powers may do not only what their powers do not authorize but what they forbid."
Should government employees speak out about opinions and actions they disagree with?
Answer by James Madison: "If it be true that all governments rest on opinion, it is no less true that the strength of opinion in each individual, and the practical influence on his conduct, depend much on the number which ho supposes to have entertained the same opinion. The reason of man, like man himself, is timid and cautious when left atone, and acquires firmness and confidence in proportion to the number with which it is associated."
Are impartial finders of the fact really necessary?
Answer by James Madison: "It is true that in controversies... the tribunal which is ultimately to decide is to he established under the general government. But this does not change the principle of the case. The decision is to be impartially made according to the rules... and all the usual and most effective precautions are taken to secure this impartiality. Some such tribunal is clearly essential to prevent an appeal to the sword and a dissolution of the compact..."
James Madison and Alexander Hamilton had a particular vision of what human beings were really like and the necessity for safeguards against any one leader or institution having too much power. However, bureaucrats thrive on power, the more they have, the better they like it. And that is the reason why Administrator Constantine and his select few are not ardent supporters of MSPB, EEO and the courts.